Master the new rules! Learn the step-by-step strategy for UK crypto investors to leverage FCA-approved Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) inside tax-free ISA and SIPP accounts, legally minimising Capital Gains Tax (CGT) exposure, and how to navigate the HMRC’s Bed and Breakfasting rules.
UK Crypto Tax Takedown: ISA & SIPP Strategies with Crypto ETNs 🚀
The Financial Conduct Authority’s (FCA) decision to lift the ban on the sale of crypto Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) to retail investors (effective October 8, 2025) has opened a crucial new avenue for UK crypto investors to manage their Capital Gains Tax (CGT) liability. By incorporating crypto ETNs into tax-advantaged wrappers like Stocks and Shares ISAs and SIPPs, investors can shield future profits from CGT and Income Tax.
The Game-Changer: Crypto ETNs in ISAs and SIPPs
Historically, UK retail investors could not hold cryptocurrencies directly within tax-efficient wrappers like a Stocks and Shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) or a Self-Invested Personal Pension (SIPP). Direct crypto holdings are subject to Capital Gains Tax (CGT) upon disposal (selling, swapping, or spending) above the annual exempt amount.
The regulatory change now allows retail access to crypto Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs). These are debt instruments listed on an approved exchange that track the price of an underlying crypto-asset, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum. Critically, these ETNs qualify as eligible investments for a Stocks and Shares ISA and SIPP, subject to platform availability and passing an appropriateness test.
Tax Wrapper
Benefit
Tax Saving
Stocks & Shares ISA
Any growth or profit is free from CGT and Income Taxindefinitely.
Eliminates future CGT on gains.
SIPP
Growth is free from CGT and Income Tax. Contributions receive tax relief at your marginal rate.
Eliminates future CGT and offers immediate income tax relief.
Step-by-Step Guide: The Crypto ‘Bed and ISA’ Strategy
The core tax-minimisation technique involves transferring your existing crypto holdings into the tax-free environment of an ISA or SIPP using a process similar to a “Bed and ISA” transaction. This involves selling your current crypto for cash and immediately using that cash to purchase the equivalent crypto ETN within your ISA/SIPP wrapper.
Disclaimer:The process below involves the sale of a chargeable asset (your original crypto) and may trigger a Capital Gains Tax event for that tax year. This guide is for informational purposes only. You must consult a qualified financial or tax advisor.
Step 1: Calculate Your Current Gain/Loss
Before selling your direct crypto holdings (e.g., Bitcoin held in a wallet or exchange), calculate the total Capital Gain or Loss realised from the sale. Remember to use HMRC’s matching rules (Same-Day, Bed and Breakfasting, and S104 Pool) to determine the correct acquisition cost.
Action: Determine the gain/loss of the crypto you plan to sell.
Step 2: Utilise the Annual CGT Allowance
Your goal is to realise capital gains up to your current Capital Gains Tax-free Annual Exempt Amount (AEA). Selling your crypto up to the AEA in profit is tax-free.
Action: Sell enough of your original crypto to utilise your full annual AEA. For example, if you have £10,000 of profit and the AEA is £3,000, sell the amount that generates a £3,000 gain.
Step 3: Sell Your Crypto for Fiat Currency
Sell the desired amount of your original crypto assets for fiat currency (GBP). This disposal formally realises the gain or loss.
Action: Execute the sale on your crypto exchange or wallet.
Step 4: Transfer Funds to Your ISA/SIPP Provider
Transfer the cash proceeds from the sale (and any new cash you plan to invest) to your chosen brokerage platform that offers the FCA-approved crypto ETNs and Stocks and Shares ISA/SIPP accounts. Ensure your investment remains within the annual ISA (£20,000) or SIPP allowance limits.
Action: Deposit the cash into the ISA/SIPP wrapper.
Step 5: Purchase Crypto ETNs in the Tax Wrapper
Use the cash inside your Stocks and Shares ISA or SIPP to purchase the equivalent Crypto ETN (e.g., Bitcoin ETN or Ethereum ETN).
Action: Buy the ETN immediately (or wait 30 days if concerned about the Bed and Breakfasting Rule for the tax loss harvest, see below). All future growth on this ETN is now tax-free.
Navigating HMRC’s Bed and Breakfasting Rules
The Bed and Breakfasting (B&B) rule is a critical piece of legislation to acknowledge, designed to prevent investors from selling an asset solely to claim a capital loss for tax purposes and then immediately repurchasing the same asset to maintain their position.
The 30-Day Matching Rule
HMRC’s rules state that if you sell a crypto asset and then reacquire the ‘same crypto-asset’ within 30 days, the sale will be matched to the new purchase price, overriding the original cost from your ‘S104 pool’ (pooled cost). This primarily impacts investors trying to harvest losses but also applies to gains.
Direct Crypto to Crypto ETN: Since a direct crypto-asset (e.g., Bitcoin) and a crypto ETN are considered different assets for CGT purposes (one is a crypto token, the other is an exchange-listed security/debt instrument), selling your original Bitcoin and immediately buying a Bitcoin ETN within your ISA/SIPP should not trigger the 30-day B&B rule. This allows you to immediately re-establish crypto exposure within the tax wrapper.
Tax Loss Harvesting Caution: If your initial sale in Step 3 resulted in a Capital Loss that you want to claim against other gains, you must be particularly cautious. While the ETN is a different instrument, some tax professionals recommend waiting the full 30 days to completely avoid any challenge from HMRC, especially if you had a significant capital loss. If the sale resulted in a Capital Gain up to your AEA, immediate repurchase via the ETN is a much safer strategy.
Key Takeaways for Tax-Efficient Crypto Investing
Use Tax Wrappers: The primary benefit of crypto ETNs is accessing the zero-tax growth offered by Stocks and Shares ISAs and SIPPs. Max out your annual allowances.
Tax-Free Gains Realisation: The ‘Bed and ISA’ equivalent transaction is the best way to move appreciated crypto into a tax-sheltered account, allowing you to use your Capital Gains Annual Exempt Amount on the initial disposal.
Check Provider Eligibility: Not all UK brokers offer crypto ETNs within their ISA/SIPP products. You must confirm the availability and be prepared to pass an appropriateness test as these products are considered high-risk.
Social Media Hashtags
#CryptoETNTax
#UKISASIPP
#CGTMinimisation
Important Regulatory and Risk Disclaimer
This article is for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute financial, investment, tax, or legal advice.
Cryptocurrency and related products like Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) are highly volatile, complex, and high-risk investments. You may lose all of your invested capital. The information provided herein is based on current UK tax and regulatory law (including recent FCA changes regarding retail access to crypto ETNs), which is subject to change.
Always seek independent advice from a qualified financial advisor, tax specialist, or accountant before making any investment decisions, especially those concerning Capital Gains Tax (CGT) and the use of tax wrappers like ISAs and SIPPs.
Neither the author nor the publisher accepts any liability whatsoever for any loss or damage of any kind arising out of the use of all or any part of the content. You are solely responsible for your investment decisions.
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UK investors guide to buying fractional real estate with cryptocurrency
The Property Revolution: Why the UK is Lagging in the Crypto-Real Estate Gold Rush
For centuries, real estate has been a bastion of stability for UK investors, a tangible asset resistant to the fleeting whims of markets. But while the British property market remains steeped in tradition, a digital storm is brewing across the Atlantic, threatening to make our venerable system look like a horse and buggy. The question isn’t whether crypto and NFTs will disrupt real estate; it’s why UK investors aren’t already cashing in on the inevitable.
The American Experiment: Where Crypto Meets the Deed
In the United States, a handful of forward-thinking companies have already sold properties via Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), proving that a crypto wallet can be just as valid as a property deed. Platforms like Propy have facilitated entire home sales, with the ownership encoded into a unique digital token. While these are still nascent and often require a legal framework, they serve as a live-fire experiment for what the future holds: faster, cheaper, and more transparent transactions.
The true revolution, however, is tokenisation. This process breaks down a single property into hundreds or thousands of digital tokens. Each token represents a fractional share of the asset. This has spawned a new class of platforms that allow everyday investors to own a portion of a high-value property—be it an apartment building in Manhattan or a commercial space in San Francisco—for a fraction of the cost. More importantly, these tokens can be programmed to automatically distribute rental income to token holders, creating a passive revenue stream that is both efficient and globally accessible.
The British Backwater: Legal Barriers to a Digital Frontier
While the U.S. market pushes the boundaries, the UK is proceeding with caution, hamstrung by a legal and regulatory environment not yet fit for the digital age. UK law requires that real estate transfers are recorded in writing and registered with a central body, the Land Registry. This system, while secure, is not designed to handle the instantaneous, micro-transactions of a blockchain-based property market.
The central challenge for UK investors is the disconnect between the digital token and the legal deed. A token might represent a share of ownership in a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)—a legal entity that owns the property—rather than direct legal ownership of the bricks and mortar itself. This layered approach is a workaround, but it raises a critical question: is your investment truly in the property, or just in a company that owns the property? Until the UK’s legal framework for property ownership evolves, investors must scrutinise the fine print to understand what rights they are actually acquiring.
The Unstoppable Tide: Liquidity and Accessibility
Despite the current hurdles, the promise of tokenisation is too great to ignore. Traditional real estate is notoriously illiquid; it can take months to sell a property. Tokenised real estate, however, can be traded on a digital exchange in minutes, offering an unprecedented level of fluidity for what was once a very static asset class.
For UK investors, this presents a powerful opportunity. Instead of putting all your capital into a single, expensive buy-to-let property, tokenisation allows for radical portfolio diversification. You could own a share of a London high-rise, a student accommodation block in Manchester, and a luxury villa in Spain, all from a single platform, with a much lower initial investment. The potential for a global, accessible, and liquid property market is the most compelling argument for embracing this technology, and it’s an opportunity UK investors can’t afford to miss.
Personal Finance Magazine articles and videos to inform your wealth creation and retention
Unlocking Crypto Wealth in the UK: Tax-Efficient Lending Strategies for HODLers
UNLEASH YOUR CRYPTO WEALTH: How UK Taxpayers Can Ditch the Banks, Embrace Digital Gold, and Smartly Supercharge Their Finances!
Forget everything you thought you knew about borrowing money. Forget the archaic, slow-moving behemoths of traditional finance. We’re living in the future, and that future is decentralised, digital, and dripping with potential. For too long, your hard-earned crypto has sat there, a glittering, stagnant pile of unrealized potential. No more! This is the definitive guide for UK resident taxpayers to unlock the true power of their digital assets, leveraging them not just as investments, but as powerful tools to boost your finances, all while staying firmly on the right side of HMRC. Prepare to have your mind blown – and your bank account transformed!
How UK Residents Can Use Crypto as Collateral for Loans Without Selling (HMRC Compliant)
Let’s be brutally honest. The traditional banking system? It’s a dinosaur, lumbering through the digital age, weighed down by bureaucracy, exorbitant fees, and a fundamental misunderstanding of the revolutionary force that is cryptocurrency. They want your crypto sold so they can control your cash. They want you to beg for loans, scrutinising your credit score while your digital gold sits idly by. It’s an outrage! But here’s the electrifying truth: there’s a new paradigm, a thrilling landscape of opportunity where you are in control.
I’m talking about crypto-backed lending. This isn’t some niche, shadowy corner of the internet anymore. This is a legitimate, rapidly maturing financial instrument that is empowering savvy individuals across the UK to access liquidity without ever having to liquidate their precious crypto holdings. Think about it: you believe in the long-term potential of Bitcoin, Ethereum, or Solana. You’ve seen the meteoric rises, weathered the dips, and emerged stronger. Why on earth would you sell your assets, triggering a potentially massive capital gains tax bill, just to get your hands on some short-term cash for a house deposit, a business venture, or even a luxury purchase? It’s madness!
This is where crypto-backed loans come in, a financial superpower in your pocket! You essentially use your crypto as collateral, much like using your house for a mortgage or your car for a secured loan. But here’s the kicker: you retain ownership of your crypto! It’s held in a secure, often auditable, environment, ready to be returned to you once the loan is repaid. No selling, no immediate tax event on the asset itself, and potentially, no tiresome credit checks. This is financial liberation, plain and simple!
The Revolution Will Not Be Centralised: Who’s Leading the Charge?
The UK market, though still evolving, is brimming with innovative platforms and traditional brokers adapting to this digital gold rush. You’ve got choices, from the slick, user-friendly centralised platforms to the raw, unfiltered power of Decentralised Finance (DeFi).
Centralised Giants (and the ones breaking new ground):
These are the more familiar faces, often with robust customer support and a more structured feel, akin to a digital bank, but with a crypto twist.
Nexo: This is a name you need to know. They’ve been at the forefront, offering instant crypto credit lines with an impressive array of supported assets. Need GBP? USD? Stablecoins? Nexo delivers. Their loan-to-value (LTV) ratios are competitive, and their platform is incredibly intuitive. I’ve seen people use Nexo to fund everything from home renovations to significant business investments, all while their BTC continues to appreciate!
Ledn: If Bitcoin is your primary asset, Ledn is a serious contender. They specialise in Bitcoin-backed loans, and importantly, they are known for their strong security practices and transparent operations. They even offer “B2X” loans for those who want to strategically double down on their Bitcoin exposure. It’s bold, it’s beautiful, and it’s for the true HODLers!
CoinLoan: A regulated entity with a European financial license, CoinLoan brings an extra layer of reassurance.They offer flexible terms and a variety of collateral options. Regulation, in this wild west of crypto, is a badge of honour, and CoinLoan wears it well.
YouHodler: High LTVs and support for a vast number of cryptocurrencies make YouHodler an attractive option for those with diverse portfolios. They are all about flexibility, letting you borrow against what you own, no matter how exotic your altcoin collection might be.
SALT Lending: One of the OGs in this space. SALT has been around the block, offering Bitcoin-backed loans to a wide range of clients. They’ve built a reputation for reliability and professionalism.
Coinbase: While primarily an exchange, Coinbase has dipped its toes into crypto-backed loans for UK users, specifically with Bitcoin collateral. However, access can be limited compared to dedicated lending platforms. It’s a sign of the times when even the giants are embracing this new frontier!
The White-Glove Treatment: Brokers for the Big Players:
For the high-net-worth individuals, the serious players with significant crypto fortunes, a specialist broker can be invaluable. These aren’t just loan facilitators; they’re strategists who can navigate the complexities of large-scale crypto finance.
Enness Global: These aren’t your typical high-street brokers. Enness specialises in arranging high-value crypto finance, often with minimum loan amounts stretching into the hundreds of thousands of pounds. They connect you with private lenders and institutions willing to consider your digital assets as collateral for significant deals, like property purchases or major investments. This is for the elite, the ones who truly understand the power of leverage.
Hectocorn: Similar to Enness, Hectocorn works with sophisticated investors to craft bespoke crypto finance solutions. They understand the nuances of the market and can unlock opportunities that simply aren’t available through standard channels.
The Wild West (But a Regulated One!): Decentralised Finance (DeFi):
Now, for the truly adventurous, the pioneers who believe in the unbridled power of blockchain, there’s DeFi. Platforms like Aave and Compound allow you to engage in peer-to-peer lending directly on the blockchain, without any central intermediary. This is raw, permissionless finance! However, a word of caution: DeFi is a complex beast. While it offers incredible flexibility and often lower fees, it demands a higher degree of technical understanding and active management. Liquidation risks are ever-present, and the smart contract risks are real. This is not for the faint of heart, but for those who master it, the rewards can be phenomenal.
The Taxman Cometh (But You Can Outsmart Him!): Tax Efficiency for UK Residents
This is where the rubber meets the road. Many crypto enthusiasts, in their fervent belief in decentralisation, sometimes forget about the mundane realities of their national tax authority: HMRC. But ignoring them is not an option! The good news? Crypto-backed lending offers a genuinely compelling path to tax efficiency.
The Golden Rule: Borrowing is (Usually) Not a Disposal!
This is the fundamental principle that makes crypto-backed loans so powerful for tax planning. When you sell your crypto for fiat currency, you trigger a capital gains tax event. If you’ve made a profit, you owe tax. Simple. But when you borrowagainst your crypto, you are not selling it! You are merely using it as security for a loan. Therefore, generally speaking, taking out a crypto-backed loan does not constitute a disposal for Capital Gains Tax (CGT) purposes.
This is HUGE! It means you can unlock the value of your appreciating crypto portfolio without crystallising gains and incurring an immediate tax liability. Your Bitcoin can continue to grow, unburdened by the taxman’s gaze, while you enjoy the liquidity you need now.
However, HMRC’s stance on crypto, particularly DeFi, is constantly evolving and can be nuanced. Here’s what UK resident taxpayers need to be acutely aware of:
Beneficial Ownership: HMRC’s primary concern with crypto-backed loans hinges on whether beneficial ownership of your crypto is transferred to the lender. If it is, then technically, that transfer could be considered a disposal for CGT purposes. Most reputable centralized lending platforms are structured in a way that aims to avoid this, ensuring you retain beneficial ownership. However, in some DeFi protocols, the mechanics might be different, so due diligence is paramount.
Interest Payments: The interest you pay on your crypto-backed loan is generally not tax-deductible for personal loans. If it’s a loan for a legitimate business purpose, there might be avenues for deduction, but this requires professional advice.
Income from Lending (if you are the lender): If you are lending your crypto on a platform to earn interest, that interest received will typically be treated as miscellaneous income and subject to Income Tax. This is a crucial distinction. For example, if you deposit crypto into a savings account on Nexo and earn interest, that’s income. This article, however, focuses on borrowing against your crypto.
Liquidation: This is the nightmare scenario, and it has significant tax implications. If the value of your collateral falls below a certain threshold and the lender liquidates your crypto to recover their loan, that liquidation is a disposal for CGT purposes. Any gain realised at that point (the difference between your original purchase price and the liquidation price) will be subject to CGT. This is why managing your Loan-to-Value (LTV) ratio is absolutely critical!
Record Keeping: This is not optional; it’s a legal necessity. HMRC expects meticulous records of all your crypto transactions, including dates, amounts, the type of cryptocurrency, and the purpose of the transaction. For crypto-backed loans, this means keeping detailed records of the loan amount, interest paid, collateral deposited, and any communications regarding margin calls or potential liquidation.
The Elephant in the Room: Inheritance Tax
Cryptoassets are indeed subject to UK Inheritance Tax (IHT). HMRC views them as property, meaning their market value at the time of your death will be included in your estate for IHT purposes. The standard rate is 40% on the value of your estate above the nil-rate band (currently £325,000).
This is where careful estate planning becomes critical. Leaving clear, secure instructions for your executors is paramount. Without access to private keys, passwords, or seed phrases, your crypto could be lost forever, yet still liable for IHT! Imagine the horror: a massive tax bill with no accessible funds to pay it.
Tax-efficient IHT strategies involving crypto:
Gifting: Gifting crypto during your lifetime can reduce your estate’s value. If you survive for seven years after making the gift, it can be fully exempt from IHT.
Spousal Transfers: Transfers of crypto to a spouse or civil partner are IHT-exempt. This can defer tax until the surviving partner’s death and allow for optimal use of both nil-rate bands.
Life Insurance Policies: A life insurance policy written in trust can be used to cover the potential IHT liability arising from your crypto holdings, ensuring your heirs aren’t burdened.
Trusts: Placing cryptoassets into discretionary trusts can remove them from your personal estate for IHT purposes, providing a secure way to pass on assets to the next generation.
Family Investment Companies (FICs): Holding crypto within an FIC can offer a robust structure for intergenerational wealth transfer, allowing control to remain with the founder while value is gradually transferred to family members in a tax-efficient manner.
Crucially, for all IHT planning, professional legal and tax advice is non-negotiable!
9 Tips for Safety, Tax Efficiency, and Ease of Use: Your Crypto Loan Playbook!
This isn’t just theory; this is actionable advice. These nine tips are your battle plan for navigating the crypto lending landscape safely, tax-efficiently, and with maximum ease. Ignore them at your peril!
1. Nail Your Due Diligence (DYOR is Your God!): Before even thinking about a platform, dive deep. Has it been audited? What’s its track record? Are there any red flags, any stories of frozen funds or sudden changes in terms? Read reviews, check reputable crypto news sources, and scrutinize their terms and conditions. If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. This is your money, your future – be ruthless in your research! I cannot stress this enough – a casual approach here is a recipe for disaster!
2. Master the LTV (Loan-to-Value) Ratio – Your Lifeblood! This is the single most critical number in crypto-backed lending. A 50% LTV means you can borrow £50 for every £100 of crypto collateral. The lower the LTV, the safer you are. Why? Because crypto is volatile! A sudden price drop can trigger a margin call, demanding more collateral or risking liquidation. Always keep a buffer. Never borrow at the maximum LTV if you can avoid it. Build in a safety net that protects you from wild market swings. This buffer is your shield against the tempest!
3. Choose Your Collateral Wisely: Stability is King (for lending)! While you might own a dazzling array of altcoins, stick to the most liquid and least volatile assets for collateral, especially if it’s your first foray. Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) are generally the gold standard here. Their liquidity means they can be easily traded if a liquidation event occurs, and their relative stability (compared to micro-cap altcoins!) reduces your margin call risk.
4. Understand the Tax Implications of Each Specific Platform (Don’t Assume!): This is where UK taxpayers need to be eagle-eyed. As discussed, HMRC’s guidance on crypto is nuanced, especially for DeFi. Does the platform clarify their stance on beneficial ownership transfer? What about interest earned if you later decide to lend? Don’t assume that all crypto loans are treated the same for tax purposes. If in doubt, consult a crypto tax specialist! There are accountants now who live and breathe crypto tax, and their advice is invaluable.
5. Keep Immaculate Records (HMRC is Watching!): This is non-negotiable. Every transaction, every deposit, every withdrawal, every interest payment, every margin call notification, and every loan repayment must be meticulously recorded. Date, time, amount, currency, GBP value at the time of the transaction, and the purpose. Spreadsheets, dedicated crypto tax software (like Recap.io or CoinTracking), or even a good old-fashioned ledger – choose your weapon, but use it diligently. HMRC can request these records, and you will be caught out if you can’t provide them.
6. Diversify Your Risk (Don’t Put All Your Crypto in One Basket!): If you’re borrowing significant sums, consider spreading your collateral across a couple of reputable platforms. This mitigates platform-specific risks – should one experience technical issues or an unforeseen event, not all your collateral is exposed. It’s the digital equivalent of not putting all your eggs in one basket!
7. Set Up Alerts and Monitor Your LTV Aggressively (Vigilance Pays!): Most reputable platforms offer email or SMS alerts for LTV changes. Set these up! Monitor the price of your collateralized crypto like a hawk. If the market dips, be prepared to top up your collateral or repay a portion of your loan to bring your LTV back into a safe zone. Proactivity is your best friend in avoiding painful liquidations.
8. Have a Clear Repayment Strategy (No Blind Leaps!): Don’t just borrow because you can. Have a clear plan for how you intend to repay the loan. Is it from future income? A strategic sale of another asset? Relying on your collateral to increase in value to pay off the loan is a dangerous game – it’s speculation, not sound financial planning! A clear, actionable repayment strategy provides peace of mind and prevents panicked decisions.
9. Consider the “Why” (Strategic Borrowing vs. Impulse Spending!): Finally, ask yourself why you’re borrowing. Is it for a value-generating asset like property, a business expansion, or to cover a temporary cash flow crunch without selling your appreciating assets? Or is it for something frivolous? Crypto-backed loans are a powerful financial tool, but like any tool, they can be misused. Use them strategically to build lasting wealth, not to fuel fleeting desires. This is about elevating your financial game, not just chasing instant gratification!
The Future is Now, Are You Ready?
The world of finance is changing at an unprecedented pace. The old guard, with their gatekeepers and stifling regulations, are being swept aside by a tide of innovation. Crypto-backed lending is not just a clever trick; it’s a paradigm shift. It empowers you, the individual, to leverage your digital assets in ways previously unimaginable.
For UK resident taxpayers, this means a golden opportunity to navigate the choppy waters of crypto taxation with unparalleled efficiency. By understanding the nuances of “disposal” and “beneficial ownership,” by meticulously record-keeping, and by strategically managing your LTV, you can extract incredible value from your crypto holdings without immediately triggering punitive tax events.
This is your call to action. Stop letting your digital gold gather dust. Stop being beholden to the traditional banking system. Embrace the future. Educate yourself. Take control. The tools are here, the knowledge is accessible, and the potential for financial transformation is boundless. It’s time to unleash your crypto wealth and propel your finances into a new, exciting, and gloriously tax-efficient era! Don’t just watch the revolution; be the revolution!
Disclaimer: This article is not financial advice. It provides financial tips and entertainment only. We do not accept any financial loss whatsoever if you use any information in this article to change your financial circumstances, investments or savings. If you need financial advice seek the services of a financial adviser.
